I notice your question is quite brief. It seems you're asking about debugging Ory Permission Language (OPL). Let me provide some information about debugging OPL in Ory. ## Debugging OPL ### Syntax Checking You can check the syntax of your OPL files using the Ory API. The

/opl/syntax/check

endpoint allows you to validate your OPL code before deploying it:

POST /opl/syntax/check

This endpoint expects the OPL file in the body of the request and will return any syntax errors found [Ory Keto API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/keto/reference/rest-api). ### Common Issues There are some known issues with OPL that you might encounter: 1. Traverse Function Issues: There's a documented issue where the

traverse.(...)

function doesn't work as expected in some cases. This can result in permission checks returning

false

when they should return

true

[Github Issue #1330](https://github.com/ory/keto/issues/1330). 2. Inconsistencies with

this.permits(ctx)

: When using

this.permits(ctx)

to reference other permission functions that call transitive relations, you might get inconsistent results. In some cases, directly calling the transitive relation in each permission function works better than referencing another permission function [Github Issue #1626](https://github.com/ory/keto/issues/1626). 3. Relation Tuple Deletion: There's an inconsistency in the API where you cannot DELETE relation tuples that you defined with a namespace. Instead, you need to use the PATCH API endpoint to remove them [Github Issue #1330](https://github.com/ory/keto/issues/1330). ### Debugging in Docker If you're running Ory in Docker and need to debug, Ory Kratos provides debugging support: 1. For Docker Compose setups, you can use the

Dockerfile-debug

file and the

docker-compose.template.dbg

template [Debugging Ory Kratos in Docker](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/debug/debug-docker-delve-ory-kratos). 2. For standalone Docker containers, you can use the

Dockerfile-debug

file directly [Standalone Docker Container Debugging](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/debug/debug-docker-delve-ory-kratos#as-a-standalone-docker-container). ### Logging You can adjust the log level to get more detailed information by setting the

LOG_LEVEL

environment variable. Supported levels include: - debug - info - warn - error - fatal - panic [Ory Hydra FAQ](https://www.ory.sh/docs/hydra/faq#can-i-set-the-log-level-to-warn-error-debug-) If you have a more specific question about debugging OPL, please provide more details so I can give you a more targeted answer.

@chilly-king-10285 The following config should work, but it returns

allowed: false

. But if

User:123

has the relation of

edtors

to

Article:abc

then the check for the

read

permit (relation) should return `allowed: true`: import { Namespace, Context } from “@ory/keto-namespace-types” class User implements Namespace { } class Organization implements Namespace { related: { owners: User[] admins: User[] } permits = { create: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.owners.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject), create_organization_admin: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.owners.includes(ctx.subject), create_publication_admin: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.owners.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject), read: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.owners.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject), update: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.owners.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject), delete: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.owners.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject), } } class Publication implements Namespace { related: { organizations: Organization[] admins: User[] editors: User[] } permits = { create: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.organizations.traverse((org) => org.permits.create(ctx)), create_publication_admin: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.organizations.traverse((org) => org.permits.create_publication_admin(ctx)), create_publication_editor: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.organizations.traverse((org) => org.permits.create(ctx)), read: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.organizations.traverse((org) => org.permits.read(ctx)), update: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.organizations.traverse((org) => org.permits.update(ctx)), delete: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.admins.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.organizations.traverse((org) => org.permits.delete(ctx)), } } class Article implements Namespace { related: { publications: Publication[] editors: User[] collaborators: User[] } permits = { create: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.collaborators.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.create(ctx)), create_article_editor: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.create(ctx)), create_article_collaborator: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.create(ctx)), read: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.collaborators.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.read(ctx)), read_author_id: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.read(ctx)), update: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.collaborators.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.update(ctx)), delete: (ctx: Context): boolean => this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.collaborators.includes(ctx.subject) || this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.delete(ctx)), } }

I can see you're having an issue with your Ory Permission Language (OPL) configuration where a permission check is returning

allowed: false

when you expect it to return

true

. This appears to be related to a known issue with the

traverse

function in OPL. ## Analysis of Your Issue Based on your configuration, if

User:123

has the relation of

editors

to

Article:abc

, then checking the

read

permit should indeed return

allowed: true

. This is because your

Article

namespace has the following permission definition:

typescript read: (ctx: Context): boolean =>   this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject) ||   this.related.collaborators.includes(ctx.subject) ||   this.related.publications.traverse((pub) => pub.permits.read(ctx)),

The first condition

this.related.editors.includes(ctx.subject)

should evaluate to

true

if

User:123

is in the

editors

relation of

Article:abc

. ## Known Issues with OPL There are a couple of known issues with OPL that might be affecting your configuration: 1. Traverse Function Issues: There's a documented issue where the

traverse.(...)

function doesn't work as expected in some cases. This can result in permission checks returning

false

when they should return

true

[Github Issue #1330](https://github.com/ory/keto/issues/1330). 2. Inconsistencies with

this.permits(ctx)

: When using

this.permits(ctx)

to reference other permission functions that call transitive relations, you might get inconsistent results [Github Issue #1626](https://github.com/ory/keto/issues/1626). ## Possible Solutions 1. Check Your Relation Tuples: Make sure that the relation tuple

Article:abc#editors@User:123

actually exists in your database. You can verify this using the Ory Keto CLI or API. 2. Simplify Your Permission Model: Try simplifying your permission model to isolate the issue. For example, you could temporarily remove the

traverse

calls to see if the basic

includes

checks work correctly. 3. Direct Transitive Calls: Based on the issue #1626, you might want to try replacing any

this.permits.X(ctx)

calls with direct transitive calls to see if that resolves the issue. 4. Check Namespace Definitions: Ensure that your namespace definitions match exactly what's in your database. Namespaces are case-sensitive. 5. API Endpoint: Make sure you're using the correct API endpoint for permission checks. The endpoint should be:

GET /relation-tuples/check?namespace=Article&object=abc&relation=read&subject_id=123

If you're still experiencing issues after trying these solutions, you might want to report this as a bug to the Ory team, as it could be related to the known issues with the

traverse

function or other aspects of OPL. For more information on creating and debugging permission models, you can refer to the [Ory Permissions documentation on creating permission models](https://www.ory.sh/docs/keto/modeling/create-permission-model).