To configure Ory Oathkeeper for Microsoft SSO using OIDC, you'll need to set up both Oathkeeper and Microsoft Azure AD. The knowledge sources don't provide a direct example of Microsoft SSO with Oathkeeper, but I can guide you through the process based on the available information about Oathkeeper configuration and Microsoft OIDC integration with Ory. ## Step 1: Configure Microsoft Azure AD First, you need to set up an application in Microsoft Azure: 1. Go to the [Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com/) and navigate to Microsoft Entra ID 2. Register a new application: - Choose an appropriate account type (typically "Accounts in any organizational directory and personal Microsoft accounts") - Set up a web application - Configure a redirect URI that points to your Oathkeeper instance ## Step 2: Configure Oathkeeper Oathkeeper works as a reverse proxy or API gateway that can authenticate requests using various methods. For Microsoft OIDC, you'll need to configure: 1. Create an Oathkeeper configuration file (

oathkeeper.yml

):

yaml serve:   proxy:     port: 4455   api:     port: 4456  access_rules:   repositories:     - file:///rules.json  errors:   fallback:     - json   handlers:     json:       enabled: true       config:         verbose: true     redirect:       enabled: true       config:         to: <https://your-login-page>  authenticators:   oauth2_introspection:     enabled: true     config:       introspection_url: <https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token>       client_id: your-client-id       client_secret: your-client-secret       scope: ["openid", "profile", "email"]  authorizers:   allow:     enabled: true  mutators:   header:     enabled: true     config:       headers:         X-User: "{{ print .Subject }}"

2. Create access rules in a

rules.json

file:

json [   {     "id": "microsoft-protected-route",     "upstream": {       "url": "<http://your-backend-service>"     },     "match": {       "url": "<http://your-app/protected/<.*>>",       "methods": ["GET", "POST"]     },     "authenticators": [{ "handler": "oauth2_introspection" }],     "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },     "mutators": [{ "handler": "header" }]   } ]

## Step 3: Handler Configuration Oathkeeper allows you to configure handlers both globally and per access rule. For Microsoft OIDC, you might want to customize the configuration [as shown in the documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/api-access-rules#handler-configuration):

yaml authenticators:   oauth2_introspection:     enabled: true     config:       introspection_url: <https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token>       client_id: your-client-id       client_secret: your-client-secret       scope: ["openid", "profile", "email"]

## Step 4: Deploy Oathkeeper You can deploy Oathkeeper using Docker or other methods [as described in the documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/configure-deploy):

docker run -it --rm \   -p 4455:4455 \   -p 4456:4456 \   -v $(pwd)/config.yaml:/config.yaml \   -v $(pwd)/rules.json:/rules.json \   oryd/oathkeeper:latest --config /config.yaml

Oathkeeper will now act as a proxy that authenticates requests using Microsoft OIDC before forwarding them to your backend services. Remember that Oathkeeper follows a decision engine process with four steps: Access Rule Matching, Authentication, Authorization, and Mutation [as explained in the documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper#decision-engine).

Based on the knowledge sources, here are the steps to test your Oathkeeper configuration with Microsoft SSO: ## Testing Oathkeeper Health First, verify that your Oathkeeper instance is running properly:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/health/alive>

This should return

{"status":"ok"}

if Oathkeeper is alive. Then check if it's ready to handle requests:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/health/ready>

This should also return

{"status":"ok"}

if Oathkeeper is ready [Build & run](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/configure-deploy#build--run). You can also use the Oathkeeper CLI for health checks:

oathkeeper health --endpoint=<http://localhost:4456/> alive oathkeeper health --endpoint=<http://localhost:4456/> ready

## Testing Rules Configuration Verify that your rules have been imported correctly:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/rules>

This should return your configured rules [Build & run](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/configure-deploy#build--run). ## Testing WebSockets (if applicable) If you're using WebSockets with your configuration: 1. Run

docker-compose up

2. Wait for services to be ready 3. Open

<http://127.0.0.1:4455>

4. Create a new account 5. Open

<http://127.0.0.1:8080>

[Define WebSockets rules](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/guides/proxy-websockets#testing) ## Testing Microsoft SSO Integration For testing the complete flow with Microsoft SSO: 1. Start your application 2. Run Ory Tunnel if you're using it:

ory tunnel --project playground --dev <http://localhost:3000>

3. Open your application (e.g., http://localhost:3000) 4. You should be redirected to the login page 5. Select Microsoft as the sign-in option 6. Complete the Microsoft authentication 7. You should be redirected back to your application with a valid session If you encounter any issues with Microsoft SSO, check for error parameters in the redirect URLs, as these can provide valuable debugging information.

I see you're encountering a 404 error when trying to access

<http://127.0.0.1:4455>

. This is a common issue when testing Ory Oathkeeper. Let me help you troubleshoot this problem. Based on the knowledge sources, there are several potential reasons for this 404 error: ## Possible Causes and Solutions 1. Missing or Incorrect Access Rules: Your access rules might not be matching the URL you're trying to access. In Oathkeeper, you need specific rules to handle each path. Check your

access-rules.yml

file to ensure you have a rule that matches the root path. 2. X-Forwarded Headers Issue: Oathkeeper might not be properly handling X-Forwarded headers. As noted in an [open issue](https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/issues/1139), there are some problems with X-Forwarded-* headers support. If you're behind a proxy or using these headers, try using the Host header instead. 3. Flow ID Missing: For login flows, Oathkeeper expects a flow ID in the URL. When accessing the root URL, you might need to be redirected to a specific flow first, as described in the [Kratos Quickstart](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/quickstart#perform-registration-login-and-logout). ## Steps to Fix 1. Check your access rules configuration: Make sure you have a rule that matches the root path. For example:

yaml    - id: "root-path"      upstream:        preserve_host: true        url: "<http://your-service:port>"      match:        url: "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/>"        methods:          - GET      authenticators:        - handler: anonymous  # or appropriate handler      authorizer:        handler: allow      mutators:        - handler: noop

2. Test with specific paths: Try accessing a specific path that you know is configured in your rules, such as:

curl -X GET <http://127.0.0.1:4455/anything/header>

as shown in the [Oathkeeper documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/configure-deploy#authorize-requests). 3. Check Oathkeeper logs: Look at the debug logs from Oathkeeper to see why the request is being rejected. You might need to set the log level to debug in your configuration:

yaml    log:      level: debug      format: json

4. Verify Oathkeeper is running: Make sure Oathkeeper is actually running and listening on port 4455. You can check this with:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/health/alive>

If you're following one of the quickstart guides, make sure you've completed all the prerequisite steps, as some of the examples expect specific services to be running alongside Oathkeeper. Let me know if any of these suggestions help or if you need more specific guidance!

I see you're getting an empty array

[]

when trying to fetch the rules from Oathkeeper's API endpoint. This indicates that Oathkeeper is running (since it's responding), but no access rules have been loaded. Let me help you troubleshoot this issue. ## Possible Causes and Solutions 1. Rules Not Properly Configured: The most common reason for this is that your rules file hasn't been properly loaded or is empty. According to the [Oathkeeper documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/api-access-rules), rules can be stored in various locations:

yaml    access_rules:      repositories:        - file:///rules.json        # Could also be inline:// or http:// or https:// URLs

2. Check Your Rules File: Make sure your

rules.json

file exists and contains properly formatted rules. The file should contain a JSON array of rule objects:

json    [      {        "id": "allow-anonymous-with-header-mutator",        "upstream": {          "url": "<https://httpbin.org/anything/header>"        },        "match": {          "url": "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/anything/header>",          "methods": ["GET"]        },        "authenticators": [{"handler": "anonymous"}],        "authorizer": {"handler": "allow"},        "mutators": [{"handler": "header"}]      }    ]

3. Verify File Path: If you're using Docker, make sure the volume mounting is correct. The path in your configuration should match where the file is actually located in the container. 4. Check Permissions: Ensure Oathkeeper has read permissions for the rules file. ## Steps to Fix 1. Create or Update Rules File: Create a proper rules file as shown in the [Oathkeeper documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/configure-deploy#access-rules). 2. Verify Configuration: Check your

config.yaml

to ensure it's pointing to the correct rules file location. 3. Restart Oathkeeper: After making changes, restart Oathkeeper to reload the configuration. 4. Use the CLI to List Rules: You can also try using the Oathkeeper CLI to list rules:

oathkeeper rules --endpoint=<http://localhost:4456/> list

as shown in the [Oathkeeper CLI documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/cli/oathkeeper-rules-list#oathkeeper-rules-list). 5. Check Logs: Look at Oathkeeper's logs for any errors related to loading rules. There might be syntax errors in your rules file or issues with the file path. If you're following a tutorial or guide, make sure you've completed all the steps, especially those related to creating and configuring the rules file. Let me know if you need more specific guidance on creating or configuring your rules!

I see you're encountering an error about additionalProperties not being allowed for "client_secret", "client_id", and "scope". This is a common configuration validation error in Ory products. Based on the knowledge sources, this error typically occurs when you're trying to use properties in a configuration that aren't allowed in that specific context or location. Let me explain what might be happening: ## Common Causes 1. Configuration Schema Validation Errors: The error indicates that you're trying to use properties in a location where they're not defined in the schema. This is similar to the issues seen in the GitHub issues where properties like "device" or "passkey" were not allowed in certain contexts. 2. Incorrect Configuration Structure: You might be placing these properties at the wrong level in your configuration hierarchy or in a section where they're not expected. ## Possible Solutions 1. Check Property Placement: Make sure you're placing the client_id, client_secret, and scope properties in the correct location in your configuration. For OAuth2 clients, these should be under the appropriate provider configuration. 2. Review Configuration Examples: For social sign-in providers like Microsoft, the correct structure should be:

yaml    selfservice:      methods:        oidc:          config:            providers:              - id: microsoft                provider: microsoft                client_id: your-client-id                client_secret: your-client-secret                scope:                  - profile                  - openid                  - email

As shown in the [Microsoft social sign-in documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/microsoft#data-mapping). 3. Check for Version Compatibility: Some properties might not be supported in your current version. For example, in the GitHub issue about "device" properties, the configuration structure had changed between versions. 4. Use CLI Commands Correctly: If you're using the Ory CLI to create or update OAuth2 clients, make sure you're using the correct command structure. The [CLI documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/cli/ory-create-oauth2-client#options) shows that these properties should be passed as flags:

ory create oauth2-client --client-id=... --client-secret=... --scope=...

If you can share more details about which specific Ory component you're configuring (Kratos, Hydra, Oathkeeper) and the exact configuration you're trying to use, I could provide more targeted assistance.

I see you're now getting a 401 Unauthorized error when accessing

<http://127.0.0.1:4455/>

. This is actually progress compared to the previous 404 error! The 401 error indicates that Oathkeeper is now finding a matching rule for your request but is rejecting it due to authentication failure. ## Why You're Getting a 401 Based on the knowledge sources, here are the likely reasons: 1. Authentication Required: The rule matching your root path requires authentication, but you're not providing any credentials. This is the expected behavior when a protected route is accessed without proper authentication. 2. Cookie Session Authentication: If you're using the

cookie_session

authenticator (common with Kratos integration), you need a valid session cookie to access protected routes [Define WebSockets rules](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/guides/proxy-websockets#configure-ory-oathkeeper-and-ory-kratos). 3. Error Handling Configuration: Your Oathkeeper is configured to return 401 errors for unauthorized requests, as shown in the [Zero Trust guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/zero-trust-iap-proxy-identity-access-proxy#error-handling). ## Solutions to Try 1. Log in First: If you're using Kratos with Oathkeeper, you need to log in first to get a session cookie. Try accessing the login page (typically

/login

) before accessing the protected route. 2. Check Your Rules: Review your access rules to see what authentication is required for the root path. You might need to: - Add an anonymous authenticator for the root path if you want it to be publicly accessible - Ensure you're providing the correct authentication method (JWT, OAuth2, etc.) 3. Configure Error Redirection: You can configure Oathkeeper to redirect unauthenticated browser requests to a login page:

yaml    errors:      handlers:        redirect:          enabled: true          config:            to: <http://127.0.0.1:4455/login>            when:              - error:                  - unauthorized                  - forbidden                request:                  header:                    accept:                      - text/html

4. Test with Authentication: If you know what authentication method is required, try accessing with proper credentials. For example, with a JWT token:

curl -H "Authorization: Bearer your-token" <http://127.0.0.1:4455/>

5. Check for Rate Limiting: There's a known issue where Oathkeeper might return 401 errors when rate limiting is exceeded on the

/sessions/whoami

endpoint, as mentioned in a [GitHub issue](https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/issues/1167). The 401 error is actually a good sign that your Oathkeeper is working as expected for protected routes. You just need to ensure you're properly authenticated before accessing those routes.

Based on your question about redirecting to a login page before the proxy, I can help you configure Ory Oathkeeper to handle this scenario. ## Configuring Redirect to Login Page When you're getting a 401 error, you need to configure Oathkeeper to redirect unauthenticated users to a login page instead of returning an error. This is done through the error handler configuration:

yaml errors:   fallback:     - json      handlers:     redirect:       enabled: true       config:         to: <http://127.0.0.1:4455/login>         when:           - error:               - unauthorized               - forbidden             request:               header:                 accept:                   # We only redirect browser requests, not API calls                   - text/html     json:       enabled: true       config:         verbose: true

This configuration tells Oathkeeper to redirect browser requests to the login page when authentication fails, while still returning JSON errors for API requests [Zero Trust with Access Proxy guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/zero-trust-iap-proxy-identity-access-proxy#error-handling). ## Setting Up Access Rules You'll also need to configure access rules that allow anonymous access to your login page while requiring authentication for protected routes:

yaml - id: "ory:kratos-selfservice-ui-node:anonymous"   upstream:     preserve_host: true     url: "<http://kratos-selfservice-ui-node:4435>"   match:     url: "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/<{registration,welcome,recovery,verification,login,**.css,**.js,**.png}>>"     methods:       - GET   authenticators:     - handler: anonymous   authorizer:     handler: allow   mutators:     - handler: noop  - id: "ory:kratos-selfservice-ui-node:protected"   upstream:     preserve_host: true     url: "<http://kratos-selfservice-ui-node:4435>"   match:     url: "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/<{debug,dashboard,settings}{/,}>>"     methods:       - GET   authenticators:     - handler: cookie_session   authorizer:     handler: allow   mutators:     - handler: id_token   errors:     - handler: redirect       config:         to: <http://127.0.0.1:4455/login>

This configuration allows anonymous access to login, registration, and asset pages, while protecting other routes [Zero Trust with Access Proxy guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/zero-trust-iap-proxy-identity-access-proxy#access-rules). ## For WebSocket Applications If you're using WebSockets, you can use a similar configuration:

yaml - id: "ws:protected"   upstream:     preserve_host: true     url: "<http://ws:8080>"   match:     url: "<http://127.0.0.1:8080/<**>>"     methods:       - GET       - POST   authenticators:     - handler: cookie_session   mutators:     - handler: noop   authorizer:     handler: allow   errors:     - handler: redirect       config:         to: <http://127.0.0.1:4455/login>

This will redirect unauthenticated WebSocket connections to the login page [Define WebSockets rules](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/guides/proxy-websockets#configure-ory-oathkeeper-and-ory-kratos). Make sure your login page is properly configured to handle the authentication flow and redirect back to the original URL after successful login.

Based on the knowledge sources, I'll explain how to use the OAuth2 callback from Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD) with Ory. ## Setting Up Microsoft Entra ID First, you need to configure your Microsoft Entra ID application: 1. Go to the [Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com/) → Microsoft Entra ID 2. From Overview, select Manage tenants from the top navigation and choose your tenant 3. Go to App registrations and register a new application: - Define the app display name - Choose the appropriate account type (typically "Accounts in any organizational directory and personal Microsoft accounts") - Select the web application type - Add the redirect URI from Ory [Microsoft social sign-in](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/microsoft) ## Configuring the Redirect URI The redirect URI is crucial for the OAuth2 callback to work properly. For Ory Kratos, the redirect URI follows this pattern:

https://$<http://PROJECT_SLUG.projects.oryapis.com/self-service/methods/oidc/callback/microsoft|PROJECT_SLUG.projects.oryapis.com/self-service/methods/oidc/callback/microsoft>

If you're using a custom domain, you'll need to adjust your project's

base_redirect_uri

configuration:

ory patch identity-config --project <project-id> --workspace <workspace-id> --add '/selfservice/methods/oidc/config/base_redirect_uri="<https://ory.your-custom-domain.com>"'

Make sure to add this redirect URI to the authorized redirect URIs in your Microsoft Entra ID application [Troubleshooting social sign-in](https://www.ory.sh/docs/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-social-sign-in). ## Handling the Callback When a user authenticates with Microsoft, they'll be redirected back to your application with a

code

parameter. This code needs to be exchanged for an access token:

javascript const code = "authorization_code_received_from_auth_server" const tokenUrl = "https://$<http://PROJECT_SLUG.projects.oryapis.com/oauth2/token|PROJECT_SLUG.projects.oryapis.com/oauth2/token>" const requestBody = `grant_type=authorization_code&client_id=${clientId}&client_secret=${clientSecret}&code=${code}&redirect_uri=<https://myapp.com/callback>`  fetch(tokenUrl, {   method: "POST",   headers: { "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" },   body: requestBody, })   .then((response) => response.json())   .then((data) => console.log(data))   .catch((error) => console.error(error))

[Web server app example](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/authorization-code-flow#web-server-app-and-confidential-client) ## Configuring Return URLs By default, after successful authentication, users will be redirected to the default return URL. You can customize this behavior:

yaml selfservice:   flows:     login:       after:         default_browser_return_url: <https://end-up-here-after-login/>         oidc:           default_browser_return_url: <https://end-up-here-after-login-with-oidc/>

You can also use dynamic return URLs by appending

?return_to=<https://your-app.com/destination>

when initializing the login flow. For this to work, you need to whitelist the domain:

yaml selfservice:   allowed_return_urls:     - <https://your-app.com/>

[Browser redirect flow completion](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/concepts/browser-redirect-flow-completion) ## Handling Redirect Loops If you encounter redirect loops after successful authentication, it might be because Ory can't map the data correctly from Microsoft. Check your Jsonnet configuration for data mapping:

jsonnet local claims = std.extVar('claims'); {   identity: {     traits: {       [if 'email' in claims then 'email' else null]: claims.email,     },   }, }

[Troubleshooting social sign-in](https://www.ory.sh/docs/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-social-sign-in) For more complex flows, you might want to enable the "Always Return to OAuth2 provider" setting to ensure users are redirected back to the original OAuth2 flow after completing authentication steps [Identity Provider Integration Settings](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/identity-provider-integration-settings#overview).

I see you're getting a 500 Internal Server Error when accessing

<http://127.0.0.1:4455/login>

. This indicates a server-side error in your Ory Oathkeeper setup. Let me help you troubleshoot this issue. ## Common Causes for 500 Errors in Oathkeeper Based on the knowledge sources, there are several potential causes for this error: 1. Missing or Incomplete Basic Auth Header: There might be an issue with authentication headers in your token requests, as seen in a [GitHub issue](https://github.com/ory/network/issues/332) where users encountered a similar error with the message "Missing or incomplete basic auth header in token request." 2. X-Forwarded Headers Issues: Oathkeeper might not be properly handling X-Forwarded headers, which can cause 500 errors as documented in an [open issue](https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/issues/1139). 3. CORS Configuration Problems: There could be issues with CORS headers, especially if there are duplicate headers in the

Access-Control-Request-Headers

as mentioned in another [GitHub issue](https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/issues/1208). 4. Upstream Service Unavailable: The login page might be served by another service (like Kratos UI) that Oathkeeper is trying to proxy to, but that service might be unavailable. ## Steps to Troubleshoot 1. Check Oathkeeper Logs: Look at the Oathkeeper logs for detailed error messages. You can increase verbosity by setting the log level to debug:

yaml    log:      level: debug      format: json

2. Verify Upstream Service: Make sure the service that should handle the login page (typically a UI service) is running and accessible from Oathkeeper. 3. Check Your Access Rules: Ensure your access rules for the login path are correctly configured. The login path should typically use the anonymous authenticator:

yaml    - id: "login-route"      upstream:        preserve_host: true        url: "<http://your-ui-service:port>"      match:        url: "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/login>"        methods:          - GET      authenticators:        - handler: anonymous      authorizer:        handler: allow      mutators:        - handler: noop

4. Test Direct Access: Try accessing the upstream service directly (bypassing Oathkeeper) to see if it's working properly. 5. Check for Configuration Errors: Verify that your Oathkeeper configuration is valid, especially the error handlers section:

yaml    errors:      fallback:        - json      handlers:        json:          enabled: true          config:            verbose: true

6. Inspect Network Requests: Use browser developer tools to inspect the network requests and responses for additional error details. If you can share more specific error messages from the logs, I can provide more targeted assistance for resolving this issue. Let me know if any of these suggestions help or if you need more specific guidance!

I see you're encountering an "Access request denied" error with Ory Oathkeeper. This is a common issue when setting up authentication and authorization with Oathkeeper. ## Understanding "Access request denied" Errors When Oathkeeper denies a request, it typically provides a log message with details about why the request was denied. The error usually looks something like this:

level=warning msg=Access request denied audience=application error=map[debug: message:Access credentials are not sufficient to access this resource reason:... status:Forbidden status_code:403]

## Common Causes and Solutions Based on the knowledge sources, here are the most common reasons for access denial: 1. Authentication Failure: - The provided credentials (token, cookie, etc.) are invalid or missing - Example: When using bearer tokens, an invalid token will result in a 401 error:

curl -X GET -H 'Authorization: Bearer invalid-token' <http://my-app/some-route>    HTTP/1.0 401 Status Unauthorized

[Bearer Token Example](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/pipeline/authn#bearer_token-access-rule-example) 2. Authorization Failure: - The credentials are valid, but the user doesn't have sufficient permissions - This typically results in a 403 Forbidden error - Check if you're using the

deny

authorizer instead of the

allow

authorizer [Deny Authorizer](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/pipeline/authz#deny) 3. Rule Matching Issues: - No access rule matches the requested URL or HTTP method - Check your rules configuration and ensure the URL patterns match what you're requesting [API Access Rules](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/api-access-rules) 4. WebSocket Issues: - If you're using WebSockets, there's a known issue where WebSocket headers can cause problems with session validation - This can result in "context canceled" errors in the logs [WebSocket Issue](https://github.com/ory/network/issues/76) ## Debugging Steps 1. Check Oathkeeper Logs: Look for detailed error messages that explain why access was denied. 2. Verify Your Rules: Make sure your access rules are properly configured and loaded:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/rules>

3. Test with Different Authentication Methods: Try accessing your endpoint with different authentication methods to see which one works:

# With bearer token    curl -H "Authorization: Bearer your-token" <http://127.0.0.1:4455/your-path>        # With cookie    curl -b "sessionid=your-session-id" <http://127.0.0.1:4455/your-path>

4. Configure Error Handlers: Set up proper error handlers to get more informative error messages:

yaml    errors:      handlers:        json:          enabled: true          config:            verbose: true

[Error Matching](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/pipeline/error#error-matching) If you can share more specific details about your configuration and the exact error message from the logs, I can provide more targeted assistance.

I see you're encountering the error "No authentication handler was responsible for handling the authentication" with Ory Oathkeeper. This is a specific error that occurs when none of the configured authenticators in your access rule could successfully authenticate the request. ## Why This Error Occurs This error typically happens when: 1. No Matching Authenticator: None of the authenticators configured in your access rule could process the credentials provided in the request. 2. Missing Credentials: The request doesn't include the necessary credentials (token, cookie, etc.) that your configured authenticators expect. 3. Invalid Configuration: Your authenticator configuration might be incorrect or missing required parameters. ## How to Fix It Based on the knowledge sources, here are steps to resolve this issue: 1. Check Your Access Rule Configuration: Make sure you have properly configured authenticators in your rule. For example, if you're using the

bearer_token

authenticator:

yaml    authenticators:      - handler: bearer_token        config:          check_session_url: <https://your-project.projects.oryapis.com/sessions/whoami>          token_from:            header: Authorization

2. Verify Authenticator Configuration: For OAuth2/OIDC with Microsoft, ensure your authenticator is properly configured:

yaml    authenticators:      oauth2_introspection:        enabled: true        config:          introspection_url: <https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token>          client_id: your-client-id          client_secret: your-client-secret          scope: ["openid", "profile", "email"]

3. Check for Context Cancellation: There's a known issue with WebSocket connections where the context gets canceled during authentication, leading to errors like:

error=map[debug: message:Access credentials are not sufficient to access this resource reason:Get "<https://CUSTOM_URL/sessions/whoami>": context canceled status:Forbidden status_code:403]

This was reported in a [GitHub issue](https://github.com/ory/network/issues/76) and might be related to your problem if you're using WebSockets. 4. Add Anonymous Authenticator for Public Routes: For routes that should be publicly accessible (like login pages), use the anonymous authenticator:

yaml    authenticators:      - handler: anonymous

5. Check Authentication Headers: If you're using OAuth2 with Microsoft, ensure you're sending the correct authentication headers. There might be issues with how the Basic Auth header is constructed, as mentioned in a [GitHub issue](https://github.com/ory/network/issues/332). 6. Enable Debug Logging: Set your log level to debug to get more detailed error messages:

yaml    log:      level: debug

If you can share more details about your specific configuration and what type of authentication you're trying to use (bearer token, cookie session, OAuth2, etc.), I can provide more targeted assistance.

I'll explain how to configure Ory Oathkeeper to work with Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD) using OAuth2 callbacks. ## Setting Up OAuth2 Introspection with Microsoft Entra ID To use Microsoft Entra ID with Oathkeeper, you need to configure the OAuth2 introspection authenticator. This allows Oathkeeper to validate tokens issued by Microsoft. First, make sure your Microsoft Entra ID application is properly configured: 1. Register an application in the Azure portal 2. Configure the redirect URI to point to your application 3. Note your client ID and client secret Then, configure Oathkeeper with the following settings:

yaml authenticators:   oauth2_introspection:     enabled: true     config:       introspection_url: <https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token>       client_id: your-client-id       client_secret: your-client-secret       scope: ["openid", "profile", "email"]

## Synchronizing Scope Strategy An important consideration when using Oathkeeper with OAuth2 providers is to ensure the scope strategy is consistent. As mentioned in the [Oathkeeper documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/oauth2-token-introspection-hydra): > When using Ory Oathkeeper together with Ory Hydra the scope strategy needs to be kept in sync. > > Ory Oathkeeper sends the scope as part of the introspection request. This applies to Microsoft Entra ID as well. Make sure your scope strategy in Oathkeeper matches what Microsoft expects. ## Access Rules Configuration Create access rules that use the OAuth2 introspection authenticator:

yaml - id: "protected-api"   upstream:     url: "<http://your-backend-service>"   match:     url: "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/api/<.*>>"     methods: ["GET", "POST"]   authenticators:     - handler: oauth2_introspection   authorizer:     handler: allow   mutators:     - handler: header       config:         headers:           X-User: "{{ print .Subject }}"

## Handling Authentication Errors To redirect unauthenticated users to the Microsoft login page, configure error handlers:

yaml errors:   handlers:     redirect:       enabled: true       config:         to: <https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize?client_id=your-client-id&response_type=code&redirect_uri=your-callback-uri&scope=openid%20profile%20email>         when:           - error:               - unauthorized             request:               header:                 accept:                   - text/html

This will redirect browser requests to Microsoft's login page when authentication fails. Remember that Oathkeeper itself doesn't handle the OAuth2 callback - it validates tokens that your application receives after the OAuth2 flow completes. Your application needs to implement the callback endpoint that exchanges the authorization code for tokens, which Oathkeeper can then validate. If you're still encountering the "No authentication handler was responsible for handling the authentication" error, make sure your access rules are correctly configured and that you're sending the proper authentication headers with your requests.

Based on the knowledge sources, Ory Oathkeeper doesn't directly handle OAuth2 callbacks itself. Instead, Oathkeeper is designed to protect your APIs and services by validating tokens that are obtained after the OAuth2 flow completes. To handle the

/oauth2/callback

endpoint with Oathkeeper, you need to: 1. Create an access rule that allows anonymous access to the callback endpoint 2. Configure your application to handle the actual OAuth2 callback logic Here's how to set up the access rule for the callback endpoint:

yaml - id: "oauth2-callback"   upstream:     url: "<http://your-application:port>"  # Your application that handles the callback   match:     url: "<http://127.0.0.1:4455/oauth2/callback>"  # The callback URL path     methods: ["GET"]  # OAuth2 callbacks typically use GET   authenticators:     - handler: anonymous  # Allow anonymous access to the callback endpoint   authorizer:     handler: allow  # Allow all requests to this endpoint   mutators:     - handler: noop  # No mutation needed for the callback

This rule ensures that Oathkeeper forwards the callback request to your application without requiring authentication, since the user won't have a token yet - they're in the process of obtaining one. Your application then needs to: 1. Receive the authorization code from Microsoft Entra ID 2. Exchange it for tokens 3. Store the tokens or create a session 4. Redirect the user to the appropriate page After the user completes this flow and obtains tokens, subsequent requests to protected endpoints will include these tokens, which Oathkeeper can then validate using the

oauth2_introspection

authenticator. Remember that the callback handling logic happens in your application, not in Oathkeeper itself. Oathkeeper's role is to protect your APIs by validating the tokens that are issued after the OAuth2 flow completes.

I see you're having an issue with your React app assets not loading when served through Ory Oathkeeper. The problem is that your React app is trying to load assets from

/assets/index-D9moAKSc.js

but they're not being found because your rule only matches the

/docs

path. ## The Problem Your current rule only matches the exact

/docs

path:

json {   "id": "web-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://r-docs:8080>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/docs",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

But your React app is trying to load assets from

/assets/index-D9moAKSc.js

, which doesn't match this rule, resulting in 404 errors. ## Solution You need to create an additional rule to handle the asset paths or modify your existing rule to match all paths under

/docs

. Here's how to update your rule:

json {   "id": "web-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://r-docs:8080>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/docs/<**>",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

The

<**>

pattern will match any path under

/docs

, including the root

/docs

path itself. This will allow your assets to be loaded properly. Additionally, you'll need a rule for the assets path:

json {   "id": "assets-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://r-docs:8080>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/assets/<**>",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

## Alternative Solution: Base Path Configuration If your React app is built with a tool like Vite or Create React App, you can configure it to use a base path that matches your Oathkeeper route. For example, in Vite, you can set:

js // vite.config.js export default {   base: '/docs/' }

This will make your app load assets from

/docs/assets/index-D9moAKSc.js

instead of just

/assets/index-D9moAKSc.js

. ## Checking Your Rules After updating your rules, verify they're loaded correctly:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/rules>

This should show your updated rules with the correct patterns. Remember that Oathkeeper uses glob patterns or regular expressions for URL matching, depending on your

matching_strategy

configuration [API access rules](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/api-access-rules#access-rule-format).

I see you're encountering a regular expression error with your Oathkeeper rule. This is a common issue when configuring URL matching patterns in Oathkeeper. ## Understanding the Error The error message indicates there's a problem with the regular expression in your rule:

error parsing regexp: missing argument to repetition operator in `^http://(127.0.0.1|localhost):4455/docs/(*)$`

The issue is with the

(*)

part of your pattern. In regular expressions,

*

is a repetition operator that needs something to repeat, but there's nothing before it inside the parentheses. ## How to Fix It The correct way to match all paths under

/docs/

depends on your

matching_strategy

configuration in Oathkeeper. Based on the error, it looks like you're using the

regex

matching strategy rather than

glob

. ### If using regex matching strategy:

json {   "id": "web-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://r-docs:8080>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://(127.0.0.1|localhost):4455/docs(/.*)?",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

The pattern

(/.*)?

means "match an optional forward slash followed by any characters". ### If using glob matching strategy: You should update your Oathkeeper configuration to use glob matching:

yaml access_rules:   matching_strategy: glob   repositories:     - file:///rules.json

Then update your rule to use glob syntax:

json {   "id": "web-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://r-docs:8080>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/docs/<**>",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

In glob syntax,

<**>

is the correct pattern to match any path [Zero Trust with Access Proxy guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/zero-trust-iap-proxy-identity-access-proxy#access-rules). ## For Assets Path You'll also need a rule for the assets path:

json {   "id": "assets-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://r-docs:8080>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/assets/<**>",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

After updating your rules, verify they're loaded correctly:

curl <http://127.0.0.1:4456/rules>

This should show your updated rules with the correct patterns.

I see you're having an issue with your regex pattern in Oathkeeper not matching the URLs

<http://localhost:4455/web>

and

<http://localhost:4455/web/>

. Let me explain why this is happening and how to fix it. ## The Problem Your current rule has this URL pattern:

http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/web</.*>

When using the

regex

matching strategy, Oathkeeper interprets the content inside the angle brackets

<>

as regular expressions. So your pattern is effectively:

http://(127.0.0.1|localhost):4455/web(/.*)

The issue is that the

</.*>

part (which becomes

(/.*)

): 1. Requires a forward slash to be present 2. Then matches any characters after that slash This means it will match

<http://localhost:4455/web/anything>

but not

<http://localhost:4455/web>

(without the trailing slash). ## The Solution To match both

<http://localhost:4455/web>

and

<http://localhost:4455/web/>

with any potential paths after it, you need to make the trailing slash and everything after it optional. Here's the correct pattern:

json {   "id": "web-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://web:8081>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/web<(/.*)?$>",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

The pattern

<(/.*)?$>

means: -

(/.*)

- a forward slash followed by any characters -

?

- makes the previous group optional -

$

- ensures the match ends here This will match both

<http://localhost:4455/web>

and

<http://localhost:4455/web/>

as well as any paths under

/web/

. ## Alternative Solution If you're having trouble with regex, you might consider switching to the glob matching strategy which is often more intuitive:

yaml access_rules:   matching_strategy: glob   repositories:     - file:///rules.json

Then your rule would look like:

json {   "id": "web-rule",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://web:8081>"   },   "match": {     "url": "http://<127.0.0.1|localhost>:4455/web<{,/**}>",     "methods": ["GET"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "noop" }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

The pattern

<{,/**}>

matches either nothing or a slash followed by anything. [Match strategy behavior](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oathkeeper/api-access-rules#match-strategy-behavior) in the Oathkeeper documentation provides more details on how these patterns work.

Yes, you can perform URL rewriting with Ory Oathkeeper using the

strip_path

property in the

upstream

configuration of your access rules. Based on the knowledge sources, Oathkeeper provides a way to modify the URL path when forwarding requests to your upstream service:

json {   "id": "some-id",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://my-backend-service>",     "preserve_host": true,     "strip_path": "/api/v1"   },   "match": {     "url": "<http://my-app/some-route/<.*>>",     "methods": ["GET", "POST"]   },   "authenticators": [{ "handler": "anonymous", "config": { "subject": "anon" } }],   "authorizer": { "handler": "allow" },   "mutators": [{ "handler": "noop" }] }

The

strip_path

parameter, if set, replaces the provided path prefix when forwarding the requested URL to the upstream URL. For example, if a request comes in for

/api/v1/users

and you set

strip_path: "/api/v1"

, Oathkeeper will forward the request to your upstream service as

/users

instead. This is particularly useful when: - You want to expose a different URL structure to clients than what your backend services use - You're versioning your API at the URL level - You need to route requests from different paths to the same backend service Remember that when using URL rewriting, you'll need to ensure your access rules are configured to match the original URLs that clients will be requesting. Would you like me to provide a more specific example for your use case?

Based on the knowledge sources, Ory Oathkeeper doesn't have a direct feature to prepend paths when forwarding requests to upstream services. Oathkeeper's URL rewriting capabilities are primarily focused on removing path prefixes using the

strip_path

parameter, not adding them. The

strip_path

parameter in the upstream configuration allows you to remove a prefix from the incoming URL path before forwarding it to the upstream service. For example:

json {   "id": "some-id",   "upstream": {     "url": "<http://my-backend-service>",     "strip_path": "/api/v1"   },   "match": {     "url": "<http://my-app/api/v1/some-route/<.*>>",     "methods": ["GET", "POST"]   } }

In this example, a request to

/api/v1/some-route/users

would be forwarded to the upstream service as

/some-route/users

. However, if you need to prepend a path, you have a couple of workarounds: 1. Configure your upstream URL with the path prefix:

json    {      "upstream": {        "url": "<http://my-backend-service/prefix>"      }    }

This would forward requests to paths like

/prefix/original-path

. 2. Use a reverse proxy in front of your upstream service that handles the path prepending. 3. Configure your backend service to expect requests at a different base path. If you need more advanced URL rewriting capabilities, you might want to consider using a dedicated API gateway or reverse proxy like Nginx, Kong, or Traefik in conjunction with Oathkeeper.