Bypassing AAL2 in Settings Flow Using Email OTP fo...
# ory-copilot
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Bypassing AAL2 in Settings Flow Using Email OTP for Both Factors With the following configuration:
Copy code
selfservice:
  methods:
    code:
      mfa_enabled: true
  flows:
    settings:
      required_aal: highest_available
A user who normally requires MFA to access settings ( has
available_aal = aal2
) can bypass the AAL2 requirement by using email OTP for both factors: 1. Start account recovery → receive an email OTP (recovery code) as the first factor. 2. Authenticate with that email OTP. 3. When prompted for MFA, use another email OTP (mfa email code) as the second factor. 4. Access the settings flow without providing a distinct second factor. Questions • Is this expected behavior in Kratos when
highest_available
is used? • How can we prevent the same factor from being used twice to meet the AAL2 requirement? • Should Kratos enforce a distinct second factor for AAL2? (edited)
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