Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can offer some insight into your question about the OAuth2 login flow and the login challenge cookie in Ory. The cookie name you've mentioned,

ory_oauth2_login_csrf_niceshockleyl3r19gbymo_dev_4236333594

, is indeed partially generated. According to the discussion in [CSRF name changed in v2.x](https://github.com/ory/hydra/discussions/3801), the random number (or seemingly random string) in the cookie name is actually a hash of the OAuth client's ID. This change was implemented to isolate login session CSRF tokens based on the OAuth client, allowing concurrent login sessions for different OAuth clients to succeed. However, the knowledge sources don't provide a direct method to extract the login_challenge from this cookie. The login_challenge is typically passed as a query parameter in the URL, not stored in the cookie itself. When creating a browser login flow, the

login_challenge

is usually passed as a query parameter to the login endpoint. As mentioned in the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api):

The optional query parameter login_challenge is set when using Kratos with Hydra in an OAuth2 flow. See the oauth2_provider.url configuration option.

The value for this parameter typically comes from the

login_challenge

URL Query parameter sent to your application (e.g.

/login?login_challenge=abcde

). Unfortunately, the knowledge sources don't provide a method to extract the login_challenge from the CSRF cookie directly. If you need to access the login_challenge, you should look for it in the URL query parameters of the login request, not in the cookie. If you're developing an application that needs to handle this flow, you might need to capture and store the login_challenge when it's first received in the URL, rather than trying to extract it from the cookie later.

The reason you cannot see the cookie when checking

document.cookie

, but can see it in the developer tools, is likely due to the cookie being set with the

HttpOnly

flag. This is a security feature implemented by Ory to protect against certain types of attacks, particularly cross-site scripting (XSS). According to the [Ory security model documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/security-model#http-cookies): "Ory issues HTTP cookies with the following flags for the highest level of security: - `secure`: The cookie is only sent over HTTPS connection to protect against man-in-the-middle attacks. - `httpOnly`: The cookie is not available to JavaScript code to protect against [XSS](https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/xss/). - `sameSite=Strict`: The cookie can only be requested from the same origin to protect against CSRF attacks." The

HttpOnly

flag specifically prevents the cookie from being accessed through client-side scripts, including JavaScript. This means that while the cookie is set and can be seen in the browser's developer tools, it cannot be accessed or manipulated using

document.cookie

or any other JavaScript method. This security measure is intentional and helps protect sensitive information stored in cookies from potential XSS attacks. The cookie is still sent with HTTP requests to the server, but it's not accessible to client-side scripts. If you're developing locally and the cookie is set to your localhost domain, it's likely you're using the Ory Tunnel or a similar setup to ensure that Ory APIs and your application are on the same domain, as explained in the [local development section of the Ory documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/getting-started/local-development#local-development). Remember, this behavior is by design and is a crucial part of Ory's security model to protect user sessions and prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information.

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources and our previous conversation, I can offer some insights about the session token cookie in Ory. The session token cookie in Ory is indeed typically set with

SameSite=Lax

, which should allow it to be visible in

document.cookie

. However, there are a few reasons why you might not be able to see it: 1. HttpOnly flag: Even though the session cookie is set to

SameSite=Lax

, it's likely still set with the

HttpOnly

flag. As mentioned in the [Ory Kratos cookie configuration documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/configuring-cookies): "Cookies in Ory Kratos are always

httpOnly

." This means that even with

SameSite=Lax

, the cookie won't be accessible via JavaScript for security reasons. 2. Domain mismatch: If the cookie is set for a specific domain or subdomain that doesn't match exactly with the current page's domain, it won't be visible in

document.cookie

. As stated in the [Ory Kratos debug documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/debug/csrf): "Make sure that the domain stays the same. This is also true for

127.0.0.1

and

localhost

which are both separate domains. Make sure that you use

127.0.0.1

or

localhost

consistently across your configuration!" 3. Secure flag: If the cookie is set with the

Secure

flag (which is default for Ory), it won't be visible when accessing the site over HTTP. As mentioned in the [Ory Kratos debug documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/debug/csrf): "Ory Kratos' cookies have the

Secure

flag enabled by default. This means that the browser won't send the cookie unless the URL is a HTTPS URL." To troubleshoot this issue: 1. Check the exact domain settings in your Ory configuration. 2. Ensure you're accessing the site over HTTPS if the

Secure

flag is set. 3. Verify in the browser's developer tools that the session cookie is indeed set with

SameSite=Lax

. If you still can't see the session token and need to access it for development purposes, you might need to adjust your Ory configuration. However, be cautious about changing these settings in a production environment, as they are crucial for security. Remember, not being able to access the session token via JavaScript is generally a security feature, not a bug. If you need to perform operations that require the session token, these should typically be done server-side.

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can offer some insights into your question about continuing the OAuth flow after email verification during registration. This is indeed a known issue with Ory's OAuth2 flow when combined with registration and verification. The current implementation doesn't automatically continue the OAuth2 flow after email verification when using a link-based verification method. However, there are a few potential approaches to address this: 1. Use a code-based verification method: According to the [Github issue discussion](https://github.com/ory/network/issues/352), using the "one-time code" verification method allows the OAuth flow to continue normally to the

/consent

route. This might be a more straightforward solution if you're open to changing the verification method. 2. Use the

after_verification_return_to

parameter: When initiating the registration flow, you can use the

after_verification_return_to

query parameter to specify where the user should be redirected after verification. As mentioned in the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api), this parameter allows you to set "The URL to return the browser to after the verification flow was completed." You could potentially set this to a URL that includes the original

login_challenge

, allowing you to resume the OAuth flow after verification. 3. Implement a custom workaround: As suggested in a [Github issue comment](https://github.com/ory/kratos/issues/4233), you could implement a workaround: - Get the

return_to

URL from the response of the

CreateLoginFlowForBrowser

API. - Append this to the URL of the registration page. - Pass this

return_to

URL as the

after_verification_return_to

parameter. This would allow you to return to the OAuth2 flow after email verification. However, the commenter notes that this approach has some inconveniences, such as redirecting to the login page again. It's worth noting that this issue is recognized by the Ory team. In the [Github issue](https://github.com/ory/network/issues/320), it's mentioned that work is in progress to address this. For the most secure and reliable solution, I recommend reaching out to the Ory support team or community for the latest best practices, as this seems to be an evolving area of the product. Remember, when implementing any workaround, be cautious about security implications, especially when handling OAuth2 flows and verification processes.

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can offer some insights into your question about combining approaches and customizing the email template for verification. Yes, it is possible to achieve both appending the one-time code to the URL and including the

after_verification_return_to

parameter. Ory provides the ability to customize email templates, which allows you to manipulate the content and structure of the verification email. According to the [Ory documentation on custom email templates](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/emails-sms/custom-email-templates#creating-templates), you can create custom templates for various flows, including verification. This allows you to modify the email content to include both the verification code and a customized link. Here's how you can approach this: 1. Create a custom email template for verification. In this template, you can include both the verification code and a modified verification link. 2. Use the available variables in the template to construct your custom link. For the

verification_code.valid

template, you have access to the following variables:

| Variable | Description |    | --- | --- |    | To | the email address the email will be sent to |    | VerificationCode | the verification code |    | VerificationURL | the verification link |    | Identity | the identity of the email address |

3. Modify the

VerificationURL

in your template to include both the verification code and the

after_verification_return_to

parameter. Here's an example of how you might structure this in your email template:

html    <p>Your verification code is: {{.VerificationCode}}</p>    <p>Click <a href="{{.VerificationURL}}&code={{.VerificationCode}}&after_verification_return_to=YOUR_RETURN_URL">here</a> to verify your email.</p>

Replace

YOUR_RETURN_URL

with the URL you want to redirect to after verification (which could include the

login_challenge

for continuing the OAuth flow). 4. You can also use the [transient payload feature](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/emails-sms/custom-email-templates#transient-payload-in-templates) to pass additional data to your email template if needed. By customizing the email template this way, you can include both the verification code and a link that contains the code and the

after_verification_return_to

parameter. Remember to be cautious when modifying security-related flows and always test thoroughly to ensure the verification process remains secure and functional.

Certainly! I can show you how to pass the transient payload to be used in your email template. The transient payload can be passed during certain self-service flows, such as registration or verification. According to the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api), you can include the transient payload when updating a registration flow. Here's how you can do it: 1. When updating the registration flow, include the

transient_payload

field in your request body. This is typically done when submitting the registration form. Here's an example using the

updateRegistrationFlow

method:

typescript await frontendAPI.updateRegistrationFlow({   flow: id,   updateRegistrationFlowBody: {     method: "password",     password: "your-secure-password",     traits: {       email: "<mailto:user@example.com|user@example.com>",     },     transient_payload: {       login_challenge: "your-login-challenge-here",       // Add any other data you want to pass to the email template     },   }, })

The

transient_payload

can contain any JSON object with the data you want to pass to your email template. 2. Once you've passed the transient payload, you can access it in your custom email template. As shown in the [Ory documentation on custom email templates](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/emails-sms/custom-email-templates#transient-payload-in-templates), you can use the following syntax to access the transient payload in your template:

html <p>Login Challenge: {{index .TransientPayload "login_challenge"}}</p>

This will insert the

login_challenge

value from your transient payload into the email. 3. You can then use this information to construct your verification link in the email template:

html <p>Click <a href="{{.VerificationURL}}&code={{.VerificationCode}}&after_verification_return_to=YOUR_RETURN_URL?login_challenge={{index .TransientPayload "login_challenge"}}">here</a> to verify your email.</p>

Remember that the transient payload is not persisted by Ory and is only available during the flow and in the email template. It's a way to pass temporary information without storing it permanently. By using this method, you can pass the

login_challenge

or any other necessary information to your email template, allowing you to construct a verification link that can continue the OAuth flow after verification.

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources and our previous conversation, I can provide some insights on your proposed URL structure for the verification link. Your suggested URL structure is close, but there are a couple of adjustments we should make to ensure it works correctly: 1. The

&

entities should be replaced with actual

&

characters in the URL. 2. The order of parameters and the use of

?

and

&

should be adjusted for proper URL formatting. Here's a corrected version of the URL:

{{.VerificationURL}}?after_verification_return_to=YOUR_RETURN_URL&login_challenge={{index .TransientPayload "login_challenge"}}&code={{.VerificationCode}}

This URL structure should lead you to your custom UI verification page with both the

login_challenge

and

code

parameters. Here's what each part does: - `{{.VerificationURL}}`: This is the base URL for the verification process provided by Ory. - `?after_verification_return_to=YOUR_RETURN_URL`: This parameter tells Ory where to redirect after the verification is complete. Replace

YOUR_RETURN_URL

with the actual URL of your custom UI. - `&login_challenge={{index .TransientPayload "login_challenge"}}`: This appends the

login_challenge

from the transient payload to the URL. - `&code={{.VerificationCode}}`: This adds the verification code to the URL. Remember that for this to work: 1. You need to have set up a custom email template as discussed in the [Ory documentation on custom email templates](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/emails-sms/custom-email-templates#creating-templates). 2. You must pass the

login_challenge

in the transient payload during the registration flow, as explained in the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api). 3. Your custom UI should be configured to handle these parameters and continue the verification process. Also, be aware that including the verification code in the URL might have security implications. You may want to consider using the code-based verification method instead, where the user enters the code manually on your verification page. Lastly, make sure your custom UI is properly set up to handle the verification process and continue the OAuth flow using the

login_challenge

after successful verification.

Thank you for providing the current URL structure. I can see that there are a few issues with the URL that we need to address. Let's break it down and correct it: 1. There's an extra

?

in the URL after the

flow

parameter. 2. The

login_challenge

value is not being properly inserted. 3. The

code

parameter is repeated. Here's how we can correct this: 1. First, let's adjust the template in your custom email to properly format the URL:

html {{.VerificationURL}}&after_verification_return_to={{.TransientPayload.return_url}}&login_challenge={{.TransientPayload.login_challenge}}&code={{.VerificationCode}}

This assumes you're passing both

return_url

and

login_challenge

in the transient payload. 2. Make sure you're passing the correct data in the transient payload when initiating the verification flow. According to the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api), you should include the transient payload in your registration or verification request:

typescript await frontendAPI.updateRegistrationFlow({   flow: id,   updateRegistrationFlowBody: {     // ... other registration data ...     transient_payload: {       return_url: "<http://localhost:4100>",       login_challenge: "your-actual-login-challenge-here",     },   }, })

3. After these changes, your URL should look like this:

<https://nice-shockley-l3r19gbymo.projects.oryapis.com/self-service/verification?flow=153c9337-bd3c-47f8-9b31-becec388327c&code=404067&after_verification_return_to=http://localhost:4100&login_challenge=your-actual-login-challenge-here>

Note that: - There's only one

?

in the URL, right after

verification

. - All subsequent parameters are separated by

&

. - The

code

parameter appears only once. - The

login_challenge

should have an actual value, not

<no value>

. If you're still seeing

<no value>

for the

login_challenge

, double-check that you're correctly passing it in the transient payload during the registration or verification initiation process. Remember to URL-encode any values that might contain special characters, especially the

return_url

and

login_challenge

. If you continue to face issues, you might want to check the [Ory Kratos debug documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/debug/csrf) for additional troubleshooting steps or consider reaching out to Ory support for more specific guidance.

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can provide some insights about using the Frontend API to execute the complete OAuth login flow with a custom UI. Yes, you can execute the complete OAuth login flow using the Frontend API when building a custom UI. The Frontend API provides the necessary endpoints to handle the various steps of the OAuth login process. Here's an overview of how you can use the Frontend API to implement the OAuth login flow: 1. Create a login flow: You can use the

createBrowserLoginFlow

method of the Frontend API to initiate the login process. This is demonstrated in the [Ory SDK Go documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/sdk/go#frontend-api):

typescript    frontend.createBrowserLoginFlow({      returnTo: returnTo || "/", // redirect to the root path after login      refresh: true, // if the user has a session, refresh it      aal: aal2 ? "aal2" : "aal1", // specify the authentication assurance level    })

2. Render the login UI: The response from

createBrowserLoginFlow

contains the necessary information to render your custom login UI. You can use the

ui

property of the response to dynamically generate your form fields. 3. Submit the login flow: When the user submits their credentials, you can use the

updateLoginFlow

method to send the login data to Ory. This is typically done when handling form submission:

typescript    frontend.updateLoginFlow({      flow: flow.id,      updateLoginFlowBody: body,    })

4. Handle the response: If the login is successful, you'll receive a response that includes session information. You can use this to set cookies or tokens as needed for your application. 5. Consent flow (if required): If your OAuth flow requires user consent, you'll need to implement the consent flow as well. This typically involves creating and updating a consent flow using similar methods to the login flow. It's important to note that while you can implement the entire flow using the Frontend API, you should be cautious about security. As mentioned in the [Ory documentation on custom login and consent flow](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#flow-steps), the flow allows you to "take full control of the behavior of your login system, authentication methods, and consent screen." However, remember that implementing a custom OAuth flow requires careful consideration of security implications. Make sure to follow OAuth 2.0 best practices and consider using Ory's built-in flows and UIs where possible, as they are designed with security in mind. For a more detailed implementation guide, you might want to refer to the [Ory documentation on custom user interfaces](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/bring-your-own-ui/custom-ui-overview) and the [API reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api#tag/frontend) for the Frontend API.

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can guide you on how to approve or reject the consent through the frontend UI using the Ory Frontend API. To handle the consent approval or rejection in your custom frontend UI, you can use the

acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest

or

rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest

methods from the OAuth2Api. Here's how you can implement this: 1. First, you need to render the consent UI. You can fetch the consent request details using the

getOAuth2ConsentRequest

method:

typescript
import { Configuration, OAuth2Api } from "@ory/client"

const oauth2 = new OAuth2Api(
  new Configuration({
    basePath: `https://${process.env.ORY_PROJECT_SLUG}.<http://projects.oryapis.com|projects.oryapis.com>`,
    accessToken: process.env.ORY_API_KEY,
  }),
)

const { data: consentRequest } = await oauth2.getOAuth2ConsentRequest({
  consentChallenge: challenge,
})

2. Once you have the consent request details, you can render your custom UI to ask for user consent. 3. To approve the consent, you can use the

acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest

method:

typescript
export async function approveConsent(consentChallenge: string, grantScope: string[]) {
  return await oauth2
    .acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest({
      consentChallenge: consentChallenge,
      acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest: {
        grant_scope: grantScope,
        grant_access_token_audience: consentRequest.requested_access_token_audience,
        session: {
          access_token: {
            // You can add custom claims to the access token here
          },
          id_token: {
            // You can add custom claims to the ID token here
          },
        },
      },
    })
    .then(({ data }) => {
      // Redirect the user to the returned redirect_to URL
      window.location.href = data.redirect_to
    })
}

4. To reject the consent, you can use the

rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest

method:

typescript
export async function rejectConsent(consentChallenge: string) {
  return await oauth2
    .rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest({
      consentChallenge: consentChallenge,
      rejectOAuth2Request: {
        error: "access_denied",
        error_description: "The resource owner denied the request",
      },
    })
    .then(({ data }) => {
      // Redirect the user to the returned redirect_to URL
      window.location.href = data.redirect_to
    })
}

5. In your frontend UI, you can call these functions based on user actions. For example:

html
<button onClick={() => approveConsent(challenge, requestedScopes)}>Approve</button>
<button onClick={() => rejectConsent(challenge)}>Deny</button>

Remember to handle errors appropriately and ensure that you're following security best practices when implementing this flow. For more detailed information, you can refer to the [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#consent) and the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api).

Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can guide you on how to approve or reject the consent through the frontend UI using the Ory Frontend API. To handle the consent approval or rejection in your custom frontend UI, you can use the

acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest

or

rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest

methods from the OAuth2Api. Here's how you can implement this: 1. First, you need to render the consent UI. You can fetch the consent request details using the

getOAuth2ConsentRequest

method:

typescript import { Configuration, OAuth2Api } from "@ory/client"  const oauth2 = new OAuth2Api(   new Configuration({     basePath: `https://${process.env.ORY_PROJECT_SLUG}.<http://projects.oryapis.com|projects.oryapis.com>`,     accessToken: process.env.ORY_API_KEY,   }), )  const { data: consentRequest } = await oauth2.getOAuth2ConsentRequest({   consentChallenge: challenge, })

2. Once you have the consent request details, you can render your custom UI to ask for user consent. 3. To approve the consent, you can use the

acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest

method:

typescript export async function approveConsent(consentChallenge: string, grantScope: string[]) {   return await oauth2     .acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest({       consentChallenge: consentChallenge,       acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest: {         grant_scope: grantScope,         grant_access_token_audience: consentRequest.requested_access_token_audience,         session: {           access_token: {             // You can add custom claims to the access token here           },           id_token: {             // You can add custom claims to the ID token here           },         },       },     })     .then(({ data }) => {       // Redirect the user to the returned redirect_to URL       window.location.href = data.redirect_to     }) }

4. To reject the consent, you can use the

rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest

method:

typescript export async function rejectConsent(consentChallenge: string) {   return await oauth2     .rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest({       consentChallenge: consentChallenge,       rejectOAuth2Request: {         error: "access_denied",         error_description: "The resource owner denied the request",       },     })     .then(({ data }) => {       // Redirect the user to the returned redirect_to URL       window.location.href = data.redirect_to     }) }

5. In your frontend UI, you can call these functions based on user actions. For example:

html <button onClick={() => approveConsent(challenge, requestedScopes)}>Approve</button> <button onClick={() => rejectConsent(challenge)}>Deny</button>

Remember to handle errors appropriately and ensure that you're following security best practices when implementing this flow. For more detailed information, you can refer to the [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#consent) and the [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api). [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#consent) [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/reference/api)

You're correct, and I apologize for the confusion in my previous response. You're right that the OAuth2Api methods like

acceptOAuth2ConsentRequest

and

rejectOAuth2ConsentRequest

are part of the admin API, which requires authentication and is not intended for direct use in client-side applications. For a client-side application without a separate backend, you cannot and should not use these admin API methods directly. This is a security measure to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive operations. Instead, for a purely frontend implementation, you should use the Frontend API provided by Ory. However, the Frontend API doesn't provide direct methods to accept or reject consent requests. This is by design, as consent handling typically involves server-side logic for security reasons. Given these constraints, here are a few approaches you could consider: 1. Use Ory's default consent UI: Ory provides a default consent UI that handles the consent flow securely. This is the recommended approach if you don't have specific customization needs. 2. Implement a lightweight backend: While not ideal if you're aiming for a purely frontend solution, implementing a minimal backend service to handle the consent flow securely is a common approach. This backend would use the admin API to interact with Ory. 3. Use Ory Actions: Ory Actions allow you to extend Ory's functionality without a separate backend. However, the knowledge sources don't provide specific information on using Ory Actions for consent handling. 4. Contact Ory Support: Given the security implications and the lack of a straightforward frontend-only solution in the provided knowledge sources, it would be advisable to reach out to Ory support or the community for the most up-to-date and secure way to handle this scenario. Remember, handling OAuth2 consent flows securely is crucial, and bypassing the intended security measures could lead to vulnerabilities. Always prioritize security when dealing with authentication and authorization flows. [Ory API Reference](https://www.ory.sh/docs/api) mentions that there are separate Admin APIs and Public APIs, with the latter being intended for frontend use. However, it doesn't provide specific methods for frontend consent handling, reinforcing the need for careful consideration of security in this scenario.

Your question raises an important point about the apparent discrepancy between the ability to send a login challenge and configure custom UI endpoints, and the limitations of the client-side API for handling consent. Let me clarify this based on the information from our knowledge sources. 1. Login Challenge in Login Body: The ability to send a login challenge within the login body is part of the login flow, which is supported by the Frontend API. As mentioned in the [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#login), the login challenge is passed to the login endpoint to fetch important information about the request. This is designed to work with the Frontend API and is accessible client-side. 2. Custom UI Endpoint for Consent: The ability to configure custom UI endpoints for consent is indeed supported by Ory. As described in the [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#consent), you can set up a custom consent endpoint. However, this doesn't necessarily mean that all consent operations can be handled entirely client-side. The confusion arises from the distinction between rendering a custom UI for consent and handling the actual consent logic: - You can use a custom UI to display consent information to the user and collect their decision. - However, the actual processing of that decision (accepting or rejecting the consent) typically requires interaction with the Admin API, which is not intended for direct client-side use due to security considerations. The Frontend API allows you to create and update login flows, and to some extent, interact with consent flows. However, for security reasons, certain operations like final consent approval or rejection are typically handled server-side. It's worth noting that the Ory system is designed with flexibility in mind, allowing for custom implementations while also maintaining security. The custom UI endpoints are part of this flexibility, but they're expected to work in conjunction with server-side logic for sensitive operations. If you need to implement a fully client-side solution, you might want to explore Ory Actions, as mentioned in our previous conversation, or reach out to Ory support for guidance on secure client-side implementations of the complete OAuth flow. Remember, the primary goal is to maintain security in authentication and authorization flows, which is why certain operations are restricted from direct client-side access. [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#login) [Ory OAuth2 and OpenID Connect documentation](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/custom-login-consent/flow#consent)