The error message you're seeing typically indicates that there's an issue with the format of your JSON Web Token (JWT). JWTs are composed of three parts: a header, a payload, and a signature. Each part is base64 encoded and they are concatenated with periods (.) as separators. If the payload part of your JWT is not correctly base64 encoded, you might encounter this error. Here's a brief overview of the JWT structure: - Header: Contains metadata about the token, such as the algorithm used to sign it. - Payload: Contains claims, which are statements about an entity (typically, the user) and additional data. - Signature: Used to verify that the token was not tampered with. You can validate your JWT using various online tools or libraries that decode and verify JWTs. Make sure that the payload part of your JWT is a valid base64 encoded string. If you're using Ory, ensure that you're following the correct procedures for obtaining and using JWTs as outlined in the Ory documentation. For example, if you're using the OAuth2 authorization code flow, you need to include the

openid

scope in the access request to obtain an ID token, which is a JWT that contains information about the authenticated user. The ID token can be validated by decoding the JWT and verifying the signature using the public key of the Authorization Server. If you're still encountering issues, it might be helpful to review the relevant sections of the Ory documentation or seek assistance from the Ory community. Sources: - [JWT Access Token](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/jwt-access-token) - [Get an OpenID Connect ID Token and Validate It](https://www.ory.sh/docs/oauth2-oidc/authorization-code-flow#get-an-openid-connect-id-token-and-validate-it)