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@chilly-king-10285 is it going to overwrite the previous version?

Yes, installing a new version of Ory Kratos will overwrite the previous version. However, your configuration files and database will not be affected by this process. It's important to note that before upgrading, you should backup your data to prevent any potential data loss. If there are any breaking changes in the new version, they will be listed in the [CHANGELOG.md](https://github.com/ory/kratos/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md). After installing the new version, you will need to run the SQL migrations to update the database schema to the new version. This is done using the

kratos migrate sql

command. Remember, if you encounter any issues during the upgrade process, you can reach out to the community [chat](https://slack.ory.sh/) or start a [discussion](https://github.com/ory/kratos/discussions). Source: [Ory Kratos Upgrade Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/upgrade)

@chilly-king-10285 kratos: command not found

The error message "kratos: command not found" typically means that the system cannot find the

kratos

binary in the directories listed in your

PATH

environment variable. Here are some steps you can take to resolve this: 1. Check if the binary is installed: You can do this by navigating to the directory where you installed the binary and checking if it's there. If you followed the instructions from the [Ory Kratos Installation Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/install), it should be in

/opt/kratos/bin

. 2. Check your PATH: The

PATH

is a list of directories that your shell searches for executables when you type a command. You can view your

PATH

by typing

echo $PATH

in your terminal. If the directory containing the

kratos

binary is not in your

PATH

, you will get a "command not found" error. 3. Add the binary to your PATH: If the

kratos

binary is not in your

PATH

, you can add it by moving the binary to a directory that is in your

PATH

. For example, you can move it to

/usr/local/bin

with the following command:

bash sudo mv /opt/kratos/bin/kratos /usr/local/bin/

After doing this, you should be able to run the

kratos

command from anywhere in your terminal. Remember to replace

/opt/kratos/bin/kratos

with the actual path to your

kratos

binary if it's different. Source: [Ory Kratos Installation Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/install)

The error message you're seeing is related to PostgreSQL permissions. The

pg_trgm

extension is a PostgreSQL extension that provides functions and operators for determining the similarity of alphanumeric text based on trigram matching. The error message "permission denied to create extension" suggests that the PostgreSQL user you're using to run the migration does not have the necessary permissions to create extensions. To resolve this issue, you can grant the necessary permissions to your PostgreSQL user. You can do this by logging into your PostgreSQL database as a superuser (usually the "postgres" user), and then running the following command:

sql GRANT CREATE ON DATABASE your_database_name TO your_user_name;

Replace

your_database_name

with the name of your database, and

your_user_name

with the name of your PostgreSQL user. After running this command, your user should have the necessary permissions to create extensions, and you should be able to run the migration without encountering this error. Please note that this is a general PostgreSQL issue and not specific to Ory Kratos. If you continue to encounter issues, you may want to consult the PostgreSQL documentation or seek help from a PostgreSQL community. Sources: - [PostgreSQL Documentation](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/) - [Ory Kratos Upgrade Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/upgrade)

To update Ory Kratos from v1.0.0 to v1.1.0 in Docker, you can follow these steps: 1. Pull the new Docker image: You can pull the v1.1.0 Docker image using the following command:

bash docker pull oryd/kratos:v1.1.0

2. Stop and remove the old container: If you have a running container using the old image, you'll need to stop and remove it. You can do this with the following commands:

bash docker stop <your-container-id> docker rm <your-container-id>

Replace

<your-container-id>

with the ID of your running Kratos container. 3. Run the new image: You can now run the new image with the following command:

bash docker run --rm -it oryd/kratos:v1.1.0 help

4. Run the SQL migrations: After updating the Docker image, you'll need to run the SQL migrations to update the database schema to the new version. You can do this with the following command:

bash docker -e DSN="{your database URL}" run oryd/kratos:v1.1.0 migrate sql -e

Replace

{your database URL}

with the URL of your database. Remember to backup your data before performing the upgrade to prevent any potential data loss. If you encounter any issues during the upgrade process, you can reach out to the community [chat](https://slack.ory.sh/) or start a [discussion](https://github.com/ory/kratos/discussions). Sources: - [Ory Kratos Docker Installation Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/install#docker) - [Ory Kratos Docker Images Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/docker) - [Ory Kratos Upgrade Guide](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/guides/upgrade)

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In Ory Kratos, the recovery flow is designed to transition into the settings flow. This is because the recovery flow is used in conjunction with the settings flow to allow users to recover access to their accounts and update their profile information, including resetting their password. Here's how the process works: 1. A recovery flow is created with a

return_to

URL. 2. An email is sent with a

link

or

code

method. 3. The user completes the recovery flow by submitting the

code

or clicking the

link

. 4. The user gets a session and is redirected through the

settings

flow. 5. The user submits the

settings

flow with an updated password. 6. The user is redirected to the

return_to

URL. If you want to show a custom reset password screen, you would need to customize the settings flow to match your desired user interface. This can be done by following the instructions in the [Ory Kratos Custom UI Basic Integration](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/bring-your-own-ui/custom-ui-basic-integration) and [Ory Kratos Custom UI Advanced Integration](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/bring-your-own-ui/custom-ui-advanced-integration) guides. Sources: - [Ory Kratos Custom UI Advanced Integration](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/bring-your-own-ui/custom-ui-advanced-integration#advanced-redirects) - [Ory Kratos Custom UI Basic Integration](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/bring-your-own-ui/custom-ui-basic-integration#submit-recovery-flow)

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To have different user types and additional fields for each type in Ory Kratos, you can use the Identity Schema feature. The identity schema allows you to adjust Ory specifically to your requirements. It specifies the types of data the system can store for users, such as their names, email addresses, phone numbers, and birthdays. Through schemas, you can also define additional fields that can be added to user profiles, such as job titles, company names, or locales. Here's how you can do it: 1. Define your identity schema: You can define your identity schema using the JSON Schema standard. Ory supports all JSON Schema types (

string

,

number

,

integer

,

boolean

,

object

). Use

string

for text fields,

boolean

for checkbox fields, and

integer

or

number

for integral or floating-point numbers. For example:

json {   "$id": "<https://schemas.ory.sh/presets/kratos/quickstart/email-password/identity.schema.json>",   "$schema": "<http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#>",   "title": "Identity",   "type": "object",   "properties": {     "traits": {       "$ref": "#/definitions/traits"     }   },   "definitions": {     "traits": {       "type": "object",       "properties": {         "userType": {           "type": "string",           "enum": ["customer", "employee"]         },         "jobTitle": {           "type": "string"         },         "companyName": {           "type": "string"         }       }     }   } }

In this example,

userType

is a new field that can be either "customer" or "employee". The

jobTitle

and

companyName

fields are additional fields that can be added to user profiles. 2. Customize your UI: In your custom UI, you can display different fields based on the user type. For example, in a React application, you might have something like this:

jsx {userType === 'employee' && (   <div>     <label>Job Title</label>     <input type="text" name="jobTitle" />     <label>Company Name</label>     <input type="text" name="companyName" />   </div> )}

In this example, the

jobTitle

and

companyName

fields are only displayed if the user type is "employee". Remember to replace

userType

,

jobTitle

, and

companyName

with your actual field names. Sources: - [Ory Kratos Identity Schema](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/manage-identities/identity-schema) - [Ory Kratos Customize Identity Schema](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/manage-identities/customize-identity-schema#writing-your-first-custom-identity-schema) - [Ory Kratos Custom UI](https://www.ory.sh/docs/getting-started/custom-ui)

In Ory Kratos, you can add the user type in the identity schema. The identity schema is a JSON Schema that defines the data model of your identities. You can define which fields are used for different purposes, such as identifying the user when logging in or verifying the user's identity. Here's an example of how you might add a

userType

field to your identity schema:

json {   "$id": "<https://schemas.ory.sh/presets/kratos/quickstart/email-password/identity.schema.json>",   "$schema": "<http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#>",   "title": "Identity",   "type": "object",   "properties": {     "traits": {       "$ref": "#/definitions/traits"     }   },   "definitions": {     "traits": {       "type": "object",       "properties": {         "userType": {           "type": "string",           "enum": ["customer", "employee"]         },         // other fields...       }     }   } }

In this example,

userType

is a new field that can be either "customer" or "employee". You can adjust this to fit your needs. After defining your identity schema, you can use it when creating or updating identities in Ory Kratos. The user type can then be used in your application to customize the user experience based on the type of user. Sources: - [Ory Kratos Identity Schema](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/manage-identities/identity-schema) - [Ory Kratos Customize Identity Schema](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/manage-identities/customize-identity-schema#writing-your-first-custom-identity-schema)

Ory Kratos does not directly support adding new tables to handle data for different user types. It uses a predefined database schema to store user identities and related data. However, you can extend the data associated with each user by defining custom fields in the identity schema. This allows you to store additional data for each user, which can be used to differentiate between user types. Here's an example of how you might add a

userType

field to your identity schema:

json {   "$id": "<https://schemas.ory.sh/presets/kratos/quickstart/email-password/identity.schema.json>",   "$schema": "<http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#>",   "title": "Identity",   "type": "object",   "properties": {     "traits": {       "$ref": "#/definitions/traits"     }   },   "definitions": {     "traits": {       "type": "object",       "properties": {         "userType": {           "type": "string",           "enum": ["customer", "employee"]         },         // other fields...       }     }   } }

In this example,

userType

is a new field that can be either "customer" or "employee". You can adjust this to fit your needs. If you need to store more complex data structures or need to perform complex queries on the data, you might consider using a separate database or service to store this data. You can then link this data to your Ory Kratos identities using a unique identifier, such as the identity ID. Sources: - [Ory Kratos Identity Schema](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/manage-identities/identity-schema) - [Ory Kratos Customize Identity Schema](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/manage-identities/customize-identity-schema#writing-your-first-custom-identity-schema)

Ory Keto is an open-source access control server. It is part of the Ory ecosystem and is used to manage and enforce access control policies. Ory Keto uses a policy-based approach to control who can access a resource. It uses policies to define who (subjects) can perform what actions (like read, write, delete) on which resources. This makes Ory Keto a powerful tool for managing permissions in your applications and APIs. It can be used standalone or combined with other Ory services like Ory Kratos (identity management server), Ory Hydra (OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect provider), and Ory Oathkeeper (Identity and Access Proxy) to provide a comprehensive identity and access management solution. Source: [Ory Ecosystem Introduction](https://www.ory.sh/docs/ecosystem/projects)

To have a single sign-in feature for two apps using Ory Kratos, you can set up Ory Kratos as a Single Sign-On (SSO) provider. Here's a high-level overview of how you can do it: 1. Set up Ory Kratos as an SSO provider: You can create a project that serves as the SSO provider, manages user identities, and provides OAuth2/OIDC endpoints for authentication and authorization. This represents a "Sign in with YourBrand" service. You can create projects and OAuth2 clients using either the Ory Console or the Ory CLI. Here's an example of how to create a project and an OAuth2 client using the CLI:

bash ory create project --name "OAuth2 Server - Example Corp"   # Note down the project ID   export project_id=your-project-id # replace with your project ID      ory create oauth2-client --project "$project_id" \    --name "Example Corp" \    --grant-type authorization_code,refresh_token \    --response-type code \    --scope openid,offline_access,email \    --redirect-uri <https://your-project-slug.projects.oryapis.com/self-service/methods/oidc/callback/H1o_k--i> # replace with your redirect URI

2. Connect your apps to the SSO provider: With the SSO provider set up, you can now connect your apps to it. OAuth2-enabled apps can sign in users via the SSO provider using the OAuth2 authorization code flow. 3. Implement social sign-in in your apps: In your apps, you can implement social sign-in using the Ory Console or the Ory CLI. You can follow the steps provided in the Ory documentation for adding social sign-in providers like [Twitter](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/x-twitter), [Facebook](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/facebook), or [Auth0](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/auth0) to your project. Remember to replace

your-project-id

and

<https://your-project-slug.projects.oryapis.com/self-service/methods/oidc/callback/H1o_k--i>

with your actual project ID and redirect URI. Sources: - [Ory Kratos Social Sign-in](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/ory) - [Ory Kratos Social Sign-in with Twitter](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/x-twitter) - [Ory Kratos Social Sign-in with Facebook](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/facebook) - [Ory Kratos Social Sign-in with Auth0](https://www.ory.sh/docs/kratos/social-signin/auth0)

Ory Hydra is an OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect provider. It's used to issue access, refresh, and ID tokens in a secure and OpenID Certified manner. It's particularly useful for applications that need to work on different devices, have machine-to-machine interaction, or enable third-party developers to use your API. Ory Hydra is not an identity management system itself. Instead, it connects to your existing identity management system (like Ory Kratos or your own custom solution) and handles the OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect protocols for you. Here are some use cases for Ory Hydra: - Securing your API: Ory Hydra can issue access tokens to authorized clients. These tokens can be used to authenticate requests to your API. - Enabling third-party developers: If you want third-party developers to be able to build apps that use your API, Ory Hydra can handle the OAuth 2.0 flow to issue tokens to these third-party apps. - Single sign-on (SSO): Ory Hydra supports OpenID Connect, a protocol that is often used to implement single sign-on. This allows users to sign in once and use multiple services. Ory Hydra is designed to be easy to use and deploy. It's shipped as a Docker image and requires minimal configuration. Sources: - [Ory Hydra Introduction](https://www.ory.sh/docs/ecosystem/projects#ory-hydra) - [Ory Ecosystem Introduction](https://www.ory.sh/docs/ecosystem/projects)